Panipat: The Mughals Strike Twice
The two 16th-century battles of Panipat are little known in the West. But they were pivotal in establishing the Mughal Empire as the dominant power of northern India.
Military
'Never Surrender'? British Civilian Morale during the Second World War
Rowena Hammal examines the evidence to assess civilian reactions to war in Britain from 1940 to 1945.
Sinking the Tirpitz
Winston Churchill’s four-year quest to sink Hitler’s capital ship Tirpitz saw Allied airmen and sailors run risks that would be hard to justify today.
Postwar Germany: The Profits of Peace
Keith Lowe on the dilemmas faced by a victorious but financially ruined Britain in its dealings with postwar Germany.
Britons in the Spanish Civil War
The British Battalion of the International Brigades, formed to defend the Spanish Republic against the forces of General Franco, first went into battle at Jarama in February 1937. It was the beginning of a bruising, often dispiriting campaign.
Captain Charles Asgill: An Anglo-American Incident, 1782
Bitter feelings between Loyalists and Patriots after the British surrender at Yorktown led to many skirmishes and retaliations.
The Results of the Crimean War
Robert Pearce asks whether Britain benefited from the 1853-56 contest.
First World War: The July Crisis
By reinterpreting the years before 1914 William Mulligan sees the 'July Crisis' in a fresh perspective.
The Austro-Prussian War
Robert Pearce examines the factors that led to Prussia's victory in the German civil war of 1866.
Jewish Brigade: Soldiers of Zion
Having fled Hitler’s Berlin, Oscar Westreich gained a new identity in Palestine. He eventually joined the British army, whose training of Jewish soldiers proved crucial to the formation of Israel, as his daughter, Mira Bar-Hillel, explains.