Saladin's Triumph: The Battle of Hattin, 1187
Frankish disunity and impetuosity produced a disaster that lost Christendom the holy city of Jerusalem.
The Crusades
The Finest Castle in the World
Robert I. Burns and Paul E. Chevedden describe how a much-besieged citadel became the focus for Christian-Muslim co-existence in medieval Spain.
Carcassonne falls in the Albigensian Crusade
Richard Cavendish marks the anniversary of a great fortress being sacked, on August 15th, 1209.
The Fourth Crusade and the Sack of Constantinople
Jonathan Phillips sees one of the most notorious events in European history as a typical ‘clash of cultures’.
The Cross and the State
Christopher Tyerman explains why he believes the crusades were important in shaping the ideology and fiscal and political structures of the secular state.
The Crusades of St Louis
Simon Lloyd assess the achievements and legacy of France's idealised royal crusader.
The Fall of Constantinople
The final moments of Byzantine control of the imperial capital.
The Vanishing Vision: Late Medieval Crusading
Nigel Saul discusses attempts to revive the crusading zeal in late medieval Europe and explains why they failed to rekindle the fervour of the earlier movement.
Saints or Sinners? The Knights Templar in Medieval Europe
What did medieval contemporaries think of military orders such as the Knights Hospitaller and Teutonic Knights? Helen Nicholson investigates.
900 Years of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Jonathan Riley Smith reports as Malta celebrates the anniversary of its Sovereign Military Order