Graham Darby

Alexander Kerensky, the last Russian premier before the Bolsheviks took power, decided to continue the war with Germany. He and his country would pay the price.

Under the command of Josef Radetzky, the Habsburg army held its grip on Italy during a period of revolutionary unrest across Europe. Yet today his achievements are rarely celebrated.

Three hundred years ago, in August 1714, the Protestant Elector of Hanover ascended to the thrones of Great Britain and Ireland, becoming George I. Graham Darby describes the latter phase of the personal union, which lasted until 1837.

The handover of the strategically important but troublesome Ionian Islands was an act rare for its time.

During the Napoleonic Wars Britain occupied the strategically important island of Sicily. Most of its inhabitants, tired of long-distance Bourbon rule, welcomed the arrangement, but their monarch did not, as Graham Darby explains.

Graham Darby reassesses the contribution of one of the key players in the establishment of the Kingdom of Italy.

One of the last popes to play a major role in international affairs, Innocent XI defied Louis XIV, the Sun King, and played a decisive part in the defence of Christianity against the spread of Islam under the auspices of the Ottoman empire, as Graham Darby explains.

Graham Darby points to common errors and omissions that should be avoided.

Graham Darby explains how and why the creation of the Dutch state preceded the existence of Dutch national feeling.

Graham Darby examines the nature and effects of the war that dominated the first half of the 17th century.