The Ruler-Cult: From Alexander of Macedon to Elizabeth I of England

Charles Seltman traces the idea of the ruler not only great but good—helper and protector of his subjects—back to Alexander of Macedon.

Tetradrachm portraying Alexander the Great, issued by King Lysimachus of Thrace, c.297-281 BCE. Art Institute of Chicago. Public Domain.

Cult is a word of several meanings and of wide application; but it seems reasonable to define it as something halfway between respect and worship. Respect may be offered to a variety of persons, especially perhaps to successful men. Worship may be given to God; likewise to Devil; or to a man who sets himself up as a god or is feared as a devil, since there is often a slight—and sometimes a large—element of appeasement in worship. But the essence of a cult is that its subject should be a good man—good by human standards and, therefore, a Humanist.

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