Social

John Morison shows how an accumulation of grievances resulted in a spontaneous revolution in Russia in 1905.

Michael Morrogh explains the significance of Lloyd George's answer to the Irish question.

Jenny Bryce asks why the Americans introduced the 18th Amendment when the historical evidence suggested it was doomed to failure. This essay won the Julia Wood prize in 2000.

Graham Goodlad considers the background to the reform of the Poor Law in 1834 and its impact on society.

What did Hitler mean by Lebensraum? Did he attempt to translate theory into reality? Martyn Housden 'unpacks' the term and puts it into historical context.

John Miller describes the state of the British kingdoms as James Stewart waits to become monarch of the entire archipelago.

David Gaimster reveals the origins and contents of the British Museum's Secretum, a hidden repository of artefacts deemed pornographic and unfit for public gaze by Victorian curators.

Steven Gunn looks at the condition of Britain at the beginning of the Tudor era, and finds a society that was increasingly cohesive, confident and cosmopolitan.

Wilbur Miller investigates the historical background to law enforcement in the United States.

Nigel Saul tells how, in spite of famines and visitations of the plague, conditions were better than ever before for those living in 1400.