England

Alan Rogers reflects the influence of power among those surrounding the throne and how, throughout the entire medieval period during which Parliament existed, the magnates had greater sway than the Commons.

H. Ross Williamson profiles the life and career of Cardinal Reginald Pole: cousin to Henry VIII; once Papal candidate; ‘a humanist of European reputation’; Pole spent much of his life abroad, in an artistic and philosophical circle that included Michelangelo.

Kenneth Woodbridge describes the letters of Sir Richard Hoare, Banker, Goldsmith and Lord Mayor of London, to his sons.

During the first half of the thirteenth century, Matthew Paris recorded in words and drawings the events of world history. W.N. Bryant tells his story.

Mollie Gillen describes how Queen Victoria’s father was a bibliophile as well as a military commander and a colonial governor.

In 1569, Richard Grafton, an enterprising London printer completed the first attempt to provide a critical history of England. Martin Holmes describes the process.

Herman Ramm unearths the medieval roots of a Jorvik landmark.

William Seymour takes us on a visit to the New Forest, stretching from Southampton Water to the Wiltshire Avon, and the favourite hunting ground of many English monarchs.

A.L. Rowse analyses heraldry as an essential element in the social history of England in the later middle ages and early modern period.

John Fines introduces Thorpe, a follower of Wyclif for thirty years, who was tried for heresy in 1407.