200 years on, the 'inferior endorsements' that Washington brought to the first Presidential inauguration can be seen, Esmond Wright argues, as extraordinarily successful in setting constitutional precedents that have endured in the United States.
Simon Barclay on the archaeological discovery of a Charles II artillery fort
Longevity, not magnanimity, was the hallmark of the victorious Franco. Paul Preston reviews the legacies of the Civil War in the Spain the General ruled for nearly forty years.
Ann Hills recounts the development proposals on an American Civil War battlefield site
Divided, outmanned and lacking international support – Paul Heywood argues the wonder was not that the Republic lost to Franco, but that it held out for so long.
Objective memoirs or economy with the truth? Michael Jones sifts for an assessment through a courtier's recollections of power politics in fifteenth-century Europe.
Peter J. Ucko looks at the strengths and weaknesses of archaeological methods and interpretations.
Dick Wilson explores the enigma of the Chinese Communist leader and premier.
On the 50th anniversary of the end of Spanish Civil War, Michael Alpert chronicles the ebb and flow of battle between Republican and Nationalists.
'Sweet' Polly Oliver went to war to be with her lover, but there were many women for whom military life was an end in itself. Julie Wheelwright uncovers the career of one woman whose ambition was amply fulfilled.
