The Crusades Muslim Responses to the Crusades Robert Irwin on how Islam saw the Christian invaders. Robert Irwin | Published in History Today Volume 47 Issue 4 April 1997 To continue reading this article you need to purchase a subscription, available from only £5. Start my trial subscription now If you have already purchased access, or are a print & archive subscriber, please ensure you are logged in. Please email digital@historytoday.com if you have any problems. MedievalCrusadesMiddle EastIslamSocial Popular articles The Rise and Fall of the US Army Camel Corps ‘The Queenship of Mathilda of Flanders’ by Laura L. Gathagan review