Economic History

Papal Finance and the Papal State

Peter Partner asserts that, from a financial point of view, the Reformation was a paradox; the final outburst against Papal exactions came at a moment when the Popes were less guilty under this charge than they had been for many centuries.

The Years Before the Stock Exchange

Nicholas Lane examines how, during the century before the London Stock Exchange acquired a building of its own in 1773, brokers met and transacted business in the coffee houses of Exchange Alley

The Tents of Kedar: Pre-European Africa

Despite its isolation from the mainstream of human development, Basil Davidson writes, African society before the coming of the Europeans was neither savage nor stagnant.

The Fur Empires of the North

George Woodcock describes the industry, expeditions, and characters that opened the American North West to European development.