Victorian

The Otsu Incident

On 11 May 1891 the future Tsar Nicholas II narrowly escaped assassination on a trip to Japan.

Bismarck’s Britain

The German chancellor Otto von Bismarck saw himself as a puppet-master, engineering British politics from afar in his feud with Gladstone.

Pain Management before Anaesthetics

Surgeons trying to eliminate pain eventually arrived at anaesthesia – but not before a contest with older, more unusual therapies. Why was mesmerism so magnetic?