Volume 56 Issue 11 November 2006

Hawking Peerages

Andrew Cook looks at the mysterious career of a man notorious for selling seats in the House of Lords.

Art for the People

Jonathan Conlin asks what the National Gallery has meant to the cultural and civic life of Britain since its foundation in 1824.

Hitler’s Gamble

Did Hitler intend to provoke a general war over Poland in September 1939 or was it a serious miscalculation? Adam Tooze examines the views of leading historians before offering his own, new, interpretation of the decisions and events in Germany that ignited the Second World War.

War and Barbarity

The history of our times has witnessed violence on an unimaginable scale. George Kassimeris reflects on the age-old horrors of warfare and struggles to find reasons for what leads men to perpetrate inexplicable acts of brutality.

A Very Personal Possession

Eamon Duffy tells how a careful study of surviving medieval Books of Hours can tell us much about the spiritual and temporal life of their owners and much more besides.

Capital Routes

Peter Barber, Head of Map Collections at the British Library, finds his way round ‘London: A Life in Maps’ a new exhibition opening at the British Library on November 24th.

Stink Vessels

Charles Stephenson introduces a plan for chemical warfare in the Napoleonic navy, devised by Thomas Cochrane, Lord Dundonald, the model for Patrick O’Brien’s Jack Aubrey.