Crusades

Debra Higgs Strickland examines the extraordinary demonology of medieval Christendom and the way it endowed strangers and enemies with monstrous qualities.

John Haywood describes the final battles of the First Crusade in July 1099.

On June 15th, 1098, the army of the First Crusade discovered the Holy Lance – the very spear that had pierced Christ’s side on the cross - in the city of Antioch.

Richard Cavendish describes the launch of the Second Crusade on May 19th, 1147.

Casting Islam and Muslims as the enemy was crucial in the Crusades, and the context of conflict has colored Christian-Islamic relations since.

Nigel Saul sets the scene for our major new series on the crusades of the eleventh century.

Oswald and Margaret Dilke discuss the work of the cartographer-cum-Crusade-propagandist Marin Sanudo, who used his work to urge on a 14th-century initiative to recover Palestine from the infidel.

Jonathon Riley-Smith explores the historiography of the Crusades.

Robin Fedden pays a historical visit to the monumental Frankish fortress, symbol of Christian dominance in the Holy Land for over a century.