Volume 75 Issue 12 December 2025

William Golding’s Island of Savagery

The Second World War disrupted narratives of mankind’s ‘progress’, but – as William Golding captured so vividly in Lord of the Flies – human history has always been a balancing act between enlightenment and calamity.

On the Spot: Alan Knight

‘Which moment would I most like to go back to? Just before the Big Bang. I realise there are risks attached.’

How did the Habsburg Empire Survive?

Finished by the First World War and buried under the nation states that succeeded it, the Habsburg monarchy had survived for centuries despite its obvious faultlines. What held it together?

Books of the Year 2025: Part 2

African queens and Anglo-Saxon towns, Indira Gandhi and Irish STEM, Celtic Studies and the caste system: 10 more historians choose their favourite new history books of 2025.