Germany

When West Germany won the competition for the first time in 1954 they were the unfancied representatives of a divided nation emerging from defeat and humiliation.

The exploits of his youngest brother frequently disturbed Napoleon; but, writes Owen Connolly, of all the brother-kings, Jerome was the most useful to him, the most soldierly and the most loyal.

In deciding on the Reoccupation of the Rhineland, writes D.C. Watt, Hitler said that he went forward “with the assurance of a sleepwalker...” His practical calculations proved to be “entirely justified.”

F.L. Carsten asks whether Germany has learned the lessons of 1918-1933.

David Woodward describes how the crews of the destroyer flotilla of the German High Sea Fleet mutinied at the end of the First World War.

Vivian Lewis introduces the life and and career of a gifted demagogue and revolutionary; Ferdinand Lassalle founded the first German Socialist party and was killed in a romantic duel.

Christopher Sykes describes how the last Tsar of Russia, as well as Adolf Hitler and other anti-Semites, were among those taken in by this spurious publication.

Many German professional soldiers, writes F.L. Carsten, were staunch opponents of the Nazi regime.

How a resounding British victory convinced the German military leaders that they had lost the First World War. 

Lenin’s return to Russia by German agency in April 1917, writes David Woodward, was one of the turning points in 20th-century history.