What Does Welsh Nationalism Mean for British History?

Can Welsh history be separated from British history, or are the two too deeply intertwined? The destruction of the Welsh-speaking village of Capel Celyn brought this question firmly to the fore.

Protest in Liverpool attempting to stop the flooding of the Tryweryn Valley, 21 November 1956. The National Library of Wales (CC BY-SA 4.0).

In 1965 a new reservoir opened at Cwm Tryweryn in north-west Wales. It was created to provide Liverpool with water, but its construction involved the destruction of the Welsh-speaking village of Capel Celyn. The affair created significant ill-feeling and anger in Wales.

Although there were some in Wales who saw the reservoir as an economic opportunity, it also created a sense that the country was powerless when its interests came into conflict with those of England. Wales’ natural resources had been taken, against majority opinion, to benefit a city in another country; a Welsh-speaking community was destroyed at a time when the language was in retreat. As a result, questions began to be asked about the nation’s place in the United Kingdom.

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