Issue 53 December 2005

Andy Lawrence insists that we must think for ourselves to unravel one of the great historical conundrums.

Simon Henderson explains the significance of Hans and Sophie Scholl in the history of Nazi Germany.

Ian Cawood shows how British policy-makers adapted to the changing world after 1945.

Douglas James explains why so many in the Christian West answered Urban II’s call to arms following the Council of Clermont in 1095.

Phil Chapple examines a titanic and controversial figure in modern Irish history.

Robin Evans assesses the contribution of the Welsh to the troubles of 1642-49.

Vincent Barnett contrasts Marxist idealism with the changing economic reality in the USSR.

R.E. Foster shows that we should know more of Perceval than the manner of his untimely death.

Judith Richards pinpoints the debts of Elizabeth I to her older half-sister.

Mark Rathbone considers why American trade unionism was so violent for much of 1865-1980 but so much more peaceful by the mid-twentieth century.